很多雅思考生為了提高雅思閱讀分?jǐn)?shù),通常在備考期間會(huì)刷很多閱讀題目,幾乎是到達(dá)了“逢題必刷”的境界。但也有不少考生反饋這種備考方式的成效并不是十分理想。在此小編需要提醒各位題海戰(zhàn)術(shù)的關(guān)鍵是試題資料本身,建議考生們?nèi)粘６喽嗑毩?xí)一下劍橋雅思真題。下面廣州雅思為大家?guī)?lái)雅思劍14閱讀原文譯文,希望能夠幫助到大家!

 雅思劍14閱讀原文譯文(test2passage1)

 Alexander Henderson (1831-1913)

 Born in Scotland, Henderson emigrated to Canada in 1855 and became a well-known landscape photographer

 Henderson出生在蘇格蘭,1855年移民到了加拿大,并成為了一位著名的風(fēng)景攝影師。

 Alexander Henderson was born in Scotland in 1831 and was the son of a successful merchant. His grandfather, also called Alexander, had founded the family business, and later became the first chairman of the National Bank of Scotland. The family had extensive landholdings in Scotland. Besides its residence in Edinburgh, it owned Press Estate, 650 acres of farmland about 35 miles southeast of the city. The family often stayed at Press Castle, the large mansion on the northern edge of the property, and Alexander spent much of his childhood in the area, playing on the beach near Eyemouth or fishing in the streams nearby.

 Alexander Henderson 1831年出生在蘇格蘭,是一位成功商人的兒子。他的祖父,也叫Alexander,開(kāi)創(chuàng)了家族企業(yè),后來(lái)成為了蘇格蘭國(guó)家銀行的第一位主席。這個(gè)家族在蘇格蘭擁有大量廣闊的土地。除了在愛(ài)丁堡的住所外,還坐擁Press產(chǎn)業(yè),一塊距離愛(ài)丁堡市東南35英里、占地面積650英畝的農(nóng)田。一家人經(jīng)常來(lái)到位于這塊田地北部邊緣的大莊園即Press城堡小住,而Alexander童年的許多時(shí)光都在這里度過(guò),要么在Eyemouth附近的海灘上玩耍,要么在附近的溪流邊垂釣。

 Even after he went to school at Murcheston Academy on the outskirts of Edinburgh, Henderson returned to Press at weekends. In 1849 he began a three-year apprenticeship to become an accountant. Although he never liked the prospect of a business career, he stayed with it to please his family. In October 1855, however, he emigrated to Canada with his wife Agnes Elder Robertson and they settled in Montreal.

 即使在去了愛(ài)丁堡市郊的Murcheston學(xué)院念書(shū)以后,Henderson還是會(huì)在周末回到Press。在1849年,他開(kāi)始了為期三年的學(xué)徒期,成為一名準(zhǔn)會(huì)計(jì)。盡管從未喜愛(ài)過(guò)這份商業(yè)性工作的前景,他還是堅(jiān)持從事這份工作,為的是讓他的家族開(kāi)心。但是,在1855年10月,他與妻子Agnes Elder Robertson移民去了加拿大,他們定居在蒙特利爾。

 Henderson learned photography in Montreal around the year 1857 and quickly took it up as a serious amateur. He became a personal friend and colleague of the Scottish-Canadian photographer William Notman. The two men made a photographic excursion to Niagara Falls in 1860 and they cooperated on experiments with magnesium flares as a source of artificial light in 1865. They belonged to the same societies and were among the founding members of the Art Association of Montreal. Henderson acted as chairman of the association’s first meeting, which was held in Notman’s studio on 11 January 1860.

 Henderson大約在1857年左右在蒙特利爾學(xué)習(xí)了攝影術(shù),并很快就將這項(xiàng)業(yè)余愛(ài)好培養(yǎng)得像模像樣。他成為了蘇格蘭裔加拿大攝影師William Notman的好友和同事。兩人在1860年去往尼亞加拉大瀑布進(jìn)行了一場(chǎng)攝影之旅,他們還在1865年合作進(jìn)行了利用鎂照明彈作為一種人造光源的試驗(yàn)。他們參加了相同的社團(tuán),是蒙特利爾藝術(shù)協(xié)會(huì)的共同創(chuàng)辦成員。Henderson作為主席主持了這個(gè)協(xié)會(huì)的第一次會(huì)議,它于1860年1月11日在Notman的工作室里舉行。

 In spite of their friendship, their styles of photography were quite different. While Notman’s landscapes were noted for their bold realism, Henderson for the first 20 years of his career produced romantic images, showing the strong influence of the British landscape tradition. His artistic and technical progress was rapid and in 1865 he published his first major collection of landscape photographs. The publication had limited circulation (only seven copies have ever been found), and was called Canadian Views and Studies. The contents of each copy vary significantly and have proved a useful source for evaluating Henderson’s early work.

 雖然二人的友誼甚篤,他們的攝影風(fēng)格卻截然不同。Notman的風(fēng)景照因其大膽直白的現(xiàn)實(shí)主義而聞名,而Herderson在自己職業(yè)生涯的頭20年里拍攝的卻是浪漫主義畫(huà)面,顯示出他受到了英國(guó)風(fēng)景畫(huà)傳統(tǒng)的濃厚影響。他在藝術(shù)性和技術(shù)性方面的進(jìn)步極快,在1865年,他出版了自己的第一套風(fēng)景照片大合集。這套冊(cè)子的出版流通有限(目前只找到了七本),取名為《加拿大風(fēng)景與研究》。每一本中的內(nèi)容都與其他本迥然不同,成為了評(píng)估Henderson早期作品的一個(gè)有用來(lái)源。

 In 1866, he gave up his business to open a photographic studio, advertising himself as a portrait and landscape photographer. From about 1870 he dropped portraiture to specialize in landscape photography and other views. His numerous photographs of city life revealed in street scenes, houses, and markets are alive with human activity, and although his favourite subject was landscape he usually composed his scenes around such human pursuits as farming the land, cutting ice on a river, or sailing down a woodland stream. There was sufficient demand for these types of scenes and others he took depicting the lumber trade, steamboats and waterfalls to enable him to make a living. There was little competing hobby or amateur photography before the late 1880s because of the time-consuming techniques involved and the weight of the equipment. People wanted to buy photographs as souvenirs of a trip or as gifts, and catering to this market, Henderson had stock photographs on display at his studio for mounting, framing, or inclusion in albums.

 在1866年,他放棄了自己的原職,開(kāi)設(shè)了一家攝影工作室,將自己宣傳為一名人像與風(fēng)景攝影師。從大約1870年開(kāi)始,他徹底放棄了人像攝影,專注于拍攝風(fēng)景照和其他景象照。他拍下了數(shù)不勝數(shù)的城市生活照片,這些街道景象、房屋和市場(chǎng)全都因?yàn)橛辛耸|蕓眾生活動(dòng)其中而顯得充滿生機(jī),雖然他最喜愛(ài)的題材是風(fēng)景照,但他通常會(huì)將自己的畫(huà)面構(gòu)建在這樣一些普通人的煙火生活上,例如耕種農(nóng)田、河上取冰或沿林中溪流泛舟而下。對(duì)于他所拍攝的這類景象和其他描繪伐木活計(jì)、蒸汽船和瀑布的影像的需求量充足,從而令他可以賴此謀生。在19世紀(jì)80年代末期之前,幾乎沒(méi)有其他愛(ài)好類或業(yè)余類攝影行當(dāng)來(lái)與他競(jìng)爭(zhēng),因?yàn)榕臄z照片要牽扯到費(fèi)時(shí)頗久的技術(shù)和沉重的設(shè)備。人們想要購(gòu)買相片作為一趟旅行的紀(jì)念品或是禮物,而為了迎合這一市場(chǎng)需求,Henderson在自己的工作室里展出了大量?jī)?chǔ)備照片,以供隨時(shí)鑲嵌、加框,或收錄集結(jié)成冊(cè)。

 ......

 以上就是廣州雅思網(wǎng)今天為大家分享的雅思劍14閱讀原文譯文相關(guān)內(nèi)容,想要了解更多劍橋雅思真題及答案解析,歡迎及時(shí)關(guān)注本站!

廣州雅思英語(yǔ)學(xué)校成立于1999年,現(xiàn)任校長(zhǎng)是有中國(guó)雅思“教父”之稱的中國(guó)社會(huì)科學(xué)院博士、中國(guó)雅思教育開(kāi)拓者,資深留學(xué)教育專家萬(wàn)昌明博士。廣州雅思英語(yǔ)學(xué)校是國(guó)內(nèi)最早的專業(yè)雅思學(xué)校之一,也是英語(yǔ)IELTS考試中文“雅思”命名的首創(chuàng)者之一。十九年來(lái), 廣州雅思英語(yǔ)學(xué)校秉承“教育以學(xué)生為本,以質(zhì)量為先”辦學(xué)宗旨,堅(jiān)持“知識(shí)、激情、勵(lì)志”的教學(xué)理念,發(fā)展成為華南乃至中國(guó)最大的雅思學(xué)校之一。